Yin and coauthors use the new GFDL CM4 and CM4HR models to consider a series of climate change experiments under the CMIP6 protocol to study characteristics of extreme sea level events and their future evolution in a fully coupled weather, climate, sea level, and storm surge modeling system. They found that even in the absence of global warming, the Gulf Coast is most vulnerable to hurricane-induced storm surge.

Internal variability and anthropogenic forcing have contributed to the widening of the tropical belt during the last several decades. To better understand the effect of individual anthropogenic drivers (including aerosols) on the tropical belt, Zhao, Allen, and coauthors utilize idealized simulations with very large single forcing perturbations in comprehensive coupled ocean-atmosphere models from the PDRMIP.

A recent study explored sea surface temperature anomaly forecasts from an ensemble of eight global climate prediction systems contributing to NMME and found that predictability of warm temperature anomalies off the US West Coast was conditional on which process was driving the temperature anomalies in different phases of the heatwave.

Under exclusive CO2 forcing, climate models predicted twice as much Hadley cell expansion in the Southern Hemisphere as in the Northern Hemisphere. The finding was robust across models and all seasons except boreal fall.